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23andMe DNA Results Have Changed, Too!

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Genealogy is NEVER Dull!

You can say a lot of things about genealogy, but one thing you can’t say is it’s dull! On the heels of my last post, where a distant great grandfather became a cousin several times removed, my DNA results from 2015 have also undergone some fairly significant changes. Thousands of new testers and hundreds of new regions accounted for the revisions.

My old results were these:  Great Britain – 46%     Ireland – 18%     Scandinavia – 12%     West. Europe – 12%
PLUS minor regions – Italy/Greece – 6%, East. Europe – 4%, Iberian Peninsula – <1%, and Caucasus – <1%.

New results: England/Wales/NW Europe – 47%     Germanic Europe – 30%     Ireland/Scotland -12%     Sweden – 11%
with minor regions now gone.

Quite a difference! Still processing, so comments will have to wait, for now.

If you took a test from Ancestry.com, you might want to see what your updates tell you.  http://thednageek.com/major-enhancement-to-ancestrydnas-ethnicity-estimates/  is the link, and then log-in with your Ancestry user and password. A comparison of the old regions with the new in the update follows:

Previous Regions New Regions No. of Samples
Africa North Northern Africa 41
Africa South-Central Hunter-Gatherers Africa South-Central Hunter-Gatherers 34
Benin & Togo Benin & Togo 224
Cameroon & Congo and Africa Southeastern Bantu Cameroon, Congo, & Southern Bantu Peoples 579
Ivory Coast & Ghana Ivory Coast & Ghana 124
Not covered in the previous version Eastern Africa 82
Mali Mali 169
Nigeria Nigeria 111
Senegal Senegal 31
Native American Native American—North, Central, South 146
Native American Native American—Andean 63
Asia South Southern Asia 600
Asia South Balochistan 53
Asia South Burusho 23
Asia South Western & Central India 65
Asia Central Central & Northern Asia 186
Asia East China 620
Asia East Southeast Asia–Dai (Thai) 80
Asia East Japan 592
Asia East Korea & Northern China 261
Asia East Philippines 538
Asia East Southeast Asia–Vietnam 159
Middle East Middle East 271
Middle East and Caucasus Iran / Persia 459
Middle East and Caucasus Turkey & the Caucasus 101
Great Britain England, Wales & Northwestern Europe 1519
Ireland/Scotland/Wales Ireland & Scotland 500
Europe East Baltic States 194
Europe East Eastern Europe & Russia 1959
Iberian Peninsula Basque 22
Iberian Peninsula Spain 270
Iberian Peninsula Portugal 404
European Jewish European Jewish 200
Europe West France 1407
Europe West Germanic Europe 2072
Europe South Greece & the Balkans 242
Europe South Italy 1000
Europe South Sardinia 30
Scandinavia Norway 367
Scandinavia Sweden 372
Finland/Northwest Russia Finland 361
Melanesia Melanesia 49
Polynesia Polynesia 58

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What is a “Relationship” in Genealogy?

When a person studies their family history, they create a “relationship” with each person they find in their research. As would be expected, all of these people become your “relations” – father/mother, brother/sister, aunt/uncle, grandfather/grandmother and so on, even into the “greats”. The “relationship”, in short, determines HOW you are related to another person. Sometimes it’s handy to know how to describe your family relationships more exactly.

Genealogy.com describes more complex relationships for us:

  • “Cousin (a.k.a “first cousin”): Your first cousins are the people in your family who have two of the same grandparents as you. In other words, they are the children of your aunts and uncles.
  • Second Cousin: Your second cousins are the people in your family who have the same great-grandparents as you., but not the same grandparents.
  • Third, Fourth, and Fifth Cousins: Your third cousins have the same great-great-grandparents, fourth cousins have the same great-great-great-grandparents, and so on.
  • Removed: When the word “removed” is used to describe a relationship, it indicates that the two people are from different generations. You and your first cousins are in the same generation (two generations younger than your grandparents), so the word “removed” is not used to describe your relationship.
  • The words “once removed” mean that there is a difference of one generation. For example, your mother’s first cousin is your first cousin, once removed. This is because your mother’s first cousin is one generation younger than your grandparents and you are two generations younger than your grandparents. This one-generation difference equals “once removed.” Twice removed means that there is a two-generation difference. You are two generations younger than a first cousin of your grandmother, so you and your grandmother’s first cousin are first cousins, twice removed.”

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Got all that? There’s a chart that goes with this description, but it’s not important to the topic being discussed here. What I really want to talk about it is a problem I ran into with my relationships on Wikitree. I found the problem totally by accident, but I’m fairly sure how it happened.

I have several Scottish clans in my lineage, as does Cyndie. The one we obviously have in common is Murray; in fact, we share a 23rd Great Grandfather. That’s right – 23 generations back we had a common grandfather. He happened to have two sons. One became the Murray of Tullibardine that created Cyndie’s line, while the other was Murray of Bothwell, my line. On Wikitree – http://wikitree.com/wiki/Thomas-10705 – I have listings of each of the clans and how we relate over the generations. Now to the problem I found…..

At some point, someone on Wikitree made a profile change that affected the relationships of several generations. In one fell swoop, a 26th Great Grandfather (26 GGF) in the Murray line became a 2nd cousin 28x removed (2c 28x) and, suddenly, all my grandfathers and grandmothers down to the 15th generation were Murray COUSINS. Cyndie had no such problem with her Murray line because she is a Murray from the very beginning, where my lines branch and intersect at various points throughout history.

I’m afraid to check Cyndie’s other clan lines, but I checked mine and found the same thing had happened to most of them, as well. This is a problem that occurs when the ancestor’s profile is so old that anyone can add or delete information contained in it. Over a very short period of time, massive changes can occur.

When a person in one line is my 28 GGF, but his father is NOT my 29 GGF, there’s a problem. The solution? I’m not sure; I don’t have one for now, but I’m not going to change my relationships without some hard evidence there is an error in the lineage. I’ll continue to research, and continue to check the relationships I’ve found, but that’s about it. More later if an update is necessary.

 

New DNA Results – 23andMe

We just took a 23andMe DNA test a few weeks ago and the results are in. Compared to the Ancestry test I took a few years ago, there are no real surprises, but there are some differences!

According to 23andMe, I am 100% European; in fact, primarily Northwestern European (91.6%). French and German is the highest, at 36.3%, with British and Irish coming in at second with 34.4%. Scandinavian accounts for only 3.4%, but “Broadly Northwestern European” comes in at a whopping 17.5%. In the previous test, English/Irish was the highest (64%), German/Western European was much lower (12%), and Scandinavian was three times higher (12%).

Southern European was 4.0% total, down from 6% in the first test, made up of Italian (1.7%), Iberian (0.8%) and Broadly Southern European at 1.5%. Eastern European came in at 1.9%, compared to 4% the first time, and Broadly European was 2.5%.
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I’m not a DNA whiz, but this latest test confirms what I’ve always known: most of my ancestors came from Western Europe, Ireland and the UK. Trace amounts of other European ancestors aren’t so different that I can’t live with the numbers I see, and I can still document ancestors from those areas.

We’re waiting for a couple tests to come back, and one has to be re-done. Not enough spit, I guess. When all the results are in, we’ll do a comparison of each of the areas and see how closely they align.

Wikitree Provides New Relationship Clues to Presidents, Magna Carta Barons, Mayflower Passengers

Wikitree (http://wikitree.com) released its new set of Relationship Quick Links to several categories of profiles on the site. Knowing I hadn’t done much with them in the past year, I ran through the list of names one at a time and got some remarkable results.

According to the Relationship Finder last year, I was related in some way to almost every President of the United States that has served. The new list pares the list down considerably, but I’m supposedly still related to around half of them. Keep in mind these are BLOOD relations, or DIRECT relations, and don’t include others related by marriage. Check the new list out at: http://www.allinthepast.net/notables/uspresidents.pdf

The second list, Magna Carta Security Barons, showed I am related to nearly every one, including several I had overlooked the last time I checked. Quite possibly Indirect Links were changed to Direct Links. That list is at: http://allinthepast.net/notables/magna_carta/magna_carta.htm

Finally, on a whim, I started checking the list of Mayflower passengers. This is one of the most elusive categories in Genealogy. From Roanoke to Jamestown to Plymouth to all over New England, our ancestors came by the thousands, so the chances of being related to one of about 100 on a small ship that landed on Plymouth Rock were next to nil.
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After putting about 30 names into the Relationship Finder, I hit paydirt! Wikitree says a gentleman named Stephen Hopkins is my 11th Great Grandfather, and he brought his teenage son and daughter to the New World with him. So, I’m not just related to ONE Mayflower passenger, but THREE! More research is necessary to “flesh out” the characters of the Hopkins’, but I have a starting point on a project I never imagined I could be involved in.

One interesting fact I did find out so far is that Stephen was the only person on the Mayflower when it left Plymouth, England, that had been to the New World before. He was on one of the Jamestown ships that got caught in a storm and ended up as a castaway in the Bermuda Islands. He eventually escaped, but not before he learned something of the native culture, which made him invaluable to the Mayflower Colony after its establishment.

Trip Diary – April/May 2017 – Days 47 & 48– Blair Castle, Atholl Highlanders, Clan Gathering

Blair Castle, at the heart of Blair Atholl, is the historical seat of Clan Murray. The Atholl Highlanders, a private army created with the blessings of Queen Victoria, guard the castle and stand ready for orders from the 12th Duke of Atholl, who lives in South Africa. The castle itself is run by a national foundation, but the Highlanders have exclusive access to the ballroom below.

Michael Murray, Marquis of Tullibardine, and his younger brother, Lord David Murray, are sons of the Duke. Michael is in line to inherit the title of 13th Duke of Atholl. Both officers in the Highlanders, they were officiating over the annual Parade the Saturday before the Clan Gathering.

The Clan Gathering on Sunday was interesting for several reasons. We were looking forward to a Highland Games in Scotland so we could compare with games we’ve been to in Colorado. The usual food, jewelry, clothing, and amusement booths were in abundance, but there was much more of an emphasis on the Shot Put, Caber Toss, Hammer Throw, and bagpipes than we have seen. Once the games had concluded, Michael Murray kicked off the festivities, and the field opened up to family events and sports. Sporting events at games in the States are usually off to the side somewhere, and are not usually headline events.


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We first saw fidget spinners in London, but many of the shops couldn’t get enough to keep them on the shelves. We didn’t know they had appeared in the States until we got home.

 

 

Trip Diary – April/May 2017 – Day 46 – Murray Tour

After traveling south from Inverness to Blair Atholl and the center of Scotland, we spent the afternoon visiting sights of interest to the Murray Clan, both Abercairny and Tullibardine. In the first photo below, Daniel Parker, President of UK Clan Murray and a cousin through his wife, Anna Murray, showed us around “The Stables,” a wedding venue they started a few years ago. The structure was actually the horse stables of the Estate of Abercairny a few miles down the road where Anna’s father lives. It was moved up the road stone by stone during the 1700’s, and is filled with original paintings of Murray ancestors.

Traditions and memories are the hallmark of the UK. Near The Stables is a small plot of land where the dogs of the family since the mid-1800’s are buried. There are also several gardens available for weddings, including this formal garden with 17th Century furnishings.

Tullibardine Chapel was our next visit, with its original wood ceiling beams and glass windows. The Murrays of Abercairny married the Drummonds of Strathearn, ending up with over 13,000 acres of land altogether. The Murrays of Tullibardine left the area and moved south toward Perth, eventually ending up with enormous holdings in their own right.
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If the chapel looks familiar for some reason, it was featured in the last few episodes of season two of the hit television show, Outlanders. This was the church the group hid in while trying to evade the British soldiers.

 

 

Trip Diary – April/May 2017 – Day 45 – Loch Ness & Inverness

Inverness is the gateway to the west of Scotland and the isles (Skye and the Hebrides), and also the north of Scotland and the isles (Orkneys and Shetlands). Loch Ness and its famous, although questionable, inhabitant, “Nessie”, is BIG business in Inverness. An exhibition center and mandatory gift shop tell the story of Nessie, but also introduce visitors to the real science taking place in the lake over the decades. A major study of Zooplankton and other minute sea creatures has prompted sonar studies of the lake itself, eventually mapping the entire lake to its full 700+ foot depth. Loch Ness was also the site of an ill-fated land speed record attempt, one of the few recreational uses ever made on the lake.

 

The only way to truly “see” Loch Ness is by ferry. Loch Ness is actually one of three lochs and a canal leading north to Inverness. A lighthouse that doesn’t look much like a lighthouse makes the end of the canal where the loch begins. The ruins of Urquhart Castle lies on the west shore of the loch at its midpoint.

This pill must be stored at a room temperature 15-30 degree Celsius. viagra generic cheap I always generic super cialis advise you, consult the trusted and best sexologist doctor in Delhi to get rid of excess fat. Are you feeling difficulty in enjoying 100mg viagra online your sex life to the full? If yes then you may face lack of energy all day long. What is the duration of effects? The onsite of action Long-lasting erections Firm, thick and full erections Available dosage of kamagra tablets: The tabletsare available in different strength of dosages including 25mg, 50mg and 100mg. viagra tablets india You can’t go on the lake without wondering whether you’ll see Nessie or not. One possible solution to hundreds of sightings over the years is shown in the photo below. When two boats, in this case large ferries, cross paths on the loch, the wakes eventually intersect and form loops that could be mistaken for “humps” of a creature under the right conditions. On this day, however, Nessie was nowhere to be found.

 

Trip Diary – April/May 2017 – Day 43 – Aberdeen to Inverness

As I wrote yesterday, the name Gordon is big in these parts. Based out of Huntly Castle on the eastern Highlands, they ruled a vast area. George Gordon, 2nd Earl of Gordon, was known as the “Cock of the North” and has a song written about him. The Gordons were also the first family to be given the title Marquis. The inscription on the front of Huntly Castle denotes that fact.

Further down the road, we ran across Brodie Castle. Don’t know much about it, or the family now living in it.

Just outside of Inverness is Culloden Field, the site of another famous battle in Scotland’s history, although not one to be proudly discussed. The Scots who supported Bonnie Prince Charlie (Charles, son of King James II) were Jacobites (James in Gaelic) who fought in opposition to George, the English King from Germany, supported by other Scots. From what I know, the clans I’m related to were sympathizers of the Prince, and fought and died for him at the Battle of Culloden in April, 1746.

The two forces lined up in the huge field opposite each other. Noted by the blue flags for the Jacobites and the red flags for the British, they charged. Seriously outnumbered, over 700 Jacobites fell and died on the first charge. As the others tried to re-group, they were cut down in large numbers, as well. The Jacobite ranks broke and tried to escape, but the British had orders to kill every opponent, with some being caught and killed days after the battle. Others who died were civilians who had nothing to do with either side in the battle. Culloden became the last armed resistance between the Scots and the English.

Many clanmembers were buried in mass graves in the field. The owner of the property put markers on the graves in the late 1800’s to show the locations of known graves. Dead British soldiers were also buried in a large mass grave near the British lines.

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On this day, as days before, the landscape was worth capturing in photos. Everything is in full bloom now, and promises a beautiful Summer for future visitors.

 

 

 

 

Trip Diary – April/May 2017 – Day 39 – Oban to Falkirk

Back towards population centers again….. the main goal being the area around Stirling and Falkirk, directly between Glasgow and Edinburgh, but further north.

Stirling, and its bridge, figure dramatically in the history of Scotland. William Wallace (Braveheart) and Robert the Bruce fought here, and chased the English out of Scotland after the Battle of Bannockburn. Stirling Castle has a long history of royal residency and royal burials.

Cyndie kept talking about the Kelpies. She had seen something about them somewhere, but I had never heard of them. They turned out to be these sculptures (pictures are far better than words for this)….

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Besides seeing giant horses, we finally managed to get a good view of the Highland Cow (heilan coo) everyone talks about. I think this one was looking at me when I took his picture, but a few seconds later he went back to eating. They are supposedly plentiful, and adapt especially well to the Highlands, but we’ve only seen them in a few places, and then usually far away.